Microsoft Excel

A simple line chart being created in Excel, running on Windows 10

Developer(s)

Microsoft

Initial release

1987; 32 years ago

Stable release(s)

Office 365	1908 (16.0.11929.20254) / August 26, 2019; 12 days ago^[1]
One-time purchase	2019 (16.0) / September 24, 2018; 11 months ago^[2]

Operating system

Microsoft Windows

Type

Spreadsheet

License

Trialware^[3]

Website

office.microsoft.com/excel

Microsoft Excel for Mac
License
Developer(s)	Microsoft
Initial release	September 30, 1985; 33 years ago
Stable release	16.28 (Build 19081202) / August 13, 2019; 25 days ago^[4]
Operating system	macOS
Type	Spreadsheet
Website	products.office.com/mac

Microsoft Excel for Android
License
Developer(s)	Microsoft Corporation
Stable release	16.0.11929.20222 / August 23, 2019; 15 days ago^[5]
Operating system	Android Marshmallow and later
Type	Spreadsheet
Website	products.office.com/en-us/excel

Microsoft (NASDAQ:MSFT) recently announced the latest version of its Office productivity suite for Windows and Mac. Microsoft Office 2019 and Office 365 ProPlus started rolling out September 24, introducing some new features small business owners may find useful for home and office use.
Use Microsoft Office for Mac. Connect to Microsoft Exchange Server. Fun fact: There’s a version of Microsoft Office written just for Mac. So you can use Word, Excel, and PowerPoint on a Mac just like on a PC.

Microsoft Excel for iOS
Stable release
Developer(s)	Microsoft Corporation
Operating system	iOS
Type	Spreadsheet
License
Website	products.office.com/en-us/excel

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android and iOS. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has been a very widely applied spreadsheet for these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the industry standard for spreadsheets. Excel forms part of the Microsoft Office suite of software.

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1Features
- 1.3Macro programming
2Data storage and communication
- 2.2File formats
4Quirks
5Versions
- 5.2Microsoft Windows

Features

Basic operation

Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spreadsheets,^[7] using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulations like arithmetic operations. It has a battery of supplied functions to answer statistical, engineering and financial needs. In addition, it can display data as line graphs, histograms and charts, and with a very limited three-dimensional graphical display. It allows sectioning of data to view its dependencies on various factors for different perspectives (using pivot tables and the scenario manager).^[8] It has a programming aspect, Visual Basic for Applications, allowing the user to employ a wide variety of numerical methods, for example, for solving differential equations of mathematical physics,^[9]^[10] and then reporting the results back to the spreadsheet. It also has a variety of interactive features allowing user interfaces that can completely hide the spreadsheet from the user, so the spreadsheet presents itself as a so-called application, or decision support system (DSS), via a custom-designed user interface, for example, a stock analyzer,^[11] or in general, as a design tool that asks the user questions and provides answers and reports.^[12]^[13]^[14] In a more elaborate realization, an Excel application can automatically poll external databases and measuring instruments using an update schedule,^[15] analyze the results, make a Word report or PowerPoint slide show, and e-mail these presentations on a regular basis to a list of participants. Excel was not designed to be used as a database.^{[citation needed]}

Microsoft allows for a number of optional command-line switches to control the manner in which Excel starts.^[16]

Functions

Excel 2016 has 484 functions.^[17] Of these, 360 existed prior to Excel 2010. Microsoft classifies these functions in 14 categories. Of the 484 current functions, 386 may be called from VBA as methods of the object 'WorksheetFunction'^[18] and 44 have the same names as VBA functions.^[19]

Macro programming

VBA programming

Use of a user-defined function sq(x) in Microsoft Excel. The named variables x & y are identified in the Name Manager. The function sq is introduced using the Visual Basic editor supplied with Excel.

Subroutine in Excel calculates the square of named column variable x read from the spreadsheet, and writes it into the named column variable y.

The Windows version of Excel supports programming through Microsoft's Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), which is a dialect of Visual Basic. Programming with VBA allows spreadsheet manipulation that is awkward or impossible with standard spreadsheet techniques. Programmers may write code directly using the Visual Basic Editor (VBE), which includes a window for writing code, debugging code, and code module organization environment. The user can implement numerical methods as well as automating tasks such as formatting or data organization in VBA^[20] and guide the calculation using any desired intermediate results reported back to the spreadsheet.

VBA was removed from Mac Excel 2008, as the developers did not believe that a timely release would allow porting the VBA engine natively to Mac OS X. VBA was restored in the next version, Mac Excel 2011,^[21] although the build lacks support for ActiveX objects, impacting some high level developer tools.^[22]

A common and easy way to generate VBA code is by using the Macro Recorder.^[23] The Macro Recorder records actions of the user and generates VBA code in the form of a macro. These actions can then be repeated automatically by running the macro. The macros can also be linked to different trigger types like keyboard shortcuts,^[24] a command button or a graphic. The actions in the macro can be executed from these trigger types or from the generic toolbar options. The VBA code of the macro can also be edited in the VBE. Certain features such as loop functions and screen prompt by their own properties, and some graphical display items, cannot be recorded but must be entered into the VBA module directly by the programmer. Advanced users can employ

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